Canto 32

Virgil and Dante enter at ninth circle next to Cocytus. First, they get to Caina, which is the area that all traitors to kindred are punished. Those sinners were frozen in the lake with the upper body revealed to Dante. There, Dante saw a brother bonded with each other and cannot separate, Sassol Mascheroni who committed sin of murdering his uncle's only son for inheritance, and Camiscion de' Pazzi who killed a kinsman. Then, they went to Antenora, the area all traitors to country or party are punished. All the sinners were punished in the frozen lake with only head up. Dante accidentally kicked one's face and got that sinner mad. Dante asked who he was and he was unwilling to tell him. The other sinner called Buoso Donati shouted to Dante that this man was Bocca del Duca, who betrayed his country for good. Bocca told Dante that Buoso was also a traitor to his country for money. He also told Dante Beccheria and Gianni de' Soldanier were next to them too. Then, Dante and Virgil saw two frozen in one hole so that one head was a hat to the other. Those are Ugolino and Archibishop Ruggieri. Dante told them to reveal their sins and tried to see if he can pardon them.

At the beginning of this canto, Dante told the readers that hell is not like a child-play and also he can hardly describe how bad it is in hell by using words. In line 37, the sinner held his face turned down, expressing the shame of him. In line 58, it is ironic to say that "from one body they were born" because the brothers ended up to kill each other just for inheritance. In line 58, I realized that Caina was actually named for Cain. Who killed his brother Abel of envy and was exiled , branded with a mark to prevent anyone from killing him. This is a representative figure to the Caina area as whole because this area confined those who are traitors to their kindreds. In 113-23, it stated that" do not be silent...when it slept". It is ironic because Bocca , whose name means "mouth" is betrayed by another of the traitors. Bocca, simply a name that symbolizes the talkative figure, reveals five other sinners' identities to Dante after himself was recognized by Dante. We see how sinful as he was!

Canto 32

Summary/Analysis

Virgil and Dante enter at ninth circle next to Cocytus. First, they get to Caina, which is the area that all traitors to kindred are punished. Those sinners were frozen in the lake with the upper body revealed to Dante. There, Dante saw a brother bonded with each other and cannot separate, Sassol Mascheroni who committed sin of murdering his uncle's only son for inheritance, and Camiscion de' Pazzi who killed a kinsman. Then, they went to Antenora, the area all traitors to country or party are punished. All the sinners were punished in the frozen lake with only head up. Dante accidentally kicked one's face and got that sinner mad. Dante asked who he was and he was unwilling to tell him. The other sinner called Buoso Donati shouted to Dante that this man was Bocca del Duca, who betrayed his country for good. Bocca told Dante that Buoso was also a traitor to his country for money. He also told Dante Beccheria and Gianni de' Soldanier were next to them too. Then, Dante and Virgil saw two frozen in one hole so that one head was a hat to the other. Those are Ugolino and Archibishop Ruggieri. Dante told them to reveal their sins and tried to see if he can pardon them.

At the beginning of this canto, Dante told the readers that hell is not like a child-play and also he can hardly describe how bad it is in hell by using words. In line 37, the sinner held his face turned down, expressing the shame of him. In line 58, it is ironic to say that "from one body they were born" because the brothers ended up to kill each other just for inheritance. In line 58, I realized that Caina was actually named for Cain. Who killed his brother Abel of envy and was exiled , branded with a mark to prevent anyone from killing him. This is a representative figure to the Caina area as whole because this area confined those who are traitors to their kindreds. In 113-23, it stated that" do not be silent...when it slept". It is ironic because Bocca , whose name means "mouth" is betrayed by another of the traitors. Bocca, simply a name that symbolizes the talkative figure, reveals five other sinners' identities to Dante after himself was recognized by Dante. We see how sinful as he was!

Sin:

Caina: Traitors to Kindred( family)

Antenora: Traitors to country and party.

Punishment/Contrapasso:

In Caina, sinners were buried in frozen lake with only their upper body on the top. In Antenora, sinner were buried in frozen lake with only their heads on the top. Generally, the punishment makes those sinners confined in a shape and cannot move, which makes them unable to betray people or country no more because they are physically unable to do so. Specifically, in Caina, the two brothers, Napoleone and Alessandro were tangled with each other. They committed the sin of trying to get inheritance from their father. Before they were killed, they were enemies and angry at each other. Here, they were forced to face each other and bonded with each other. How ironic is that!

Characters:

<><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><> <><>

Brothers Napolenoe and Alessandro	Son of Count Alberto of Mangona. They tried to seek inheritance from their father and ended up killing each other,
Sassol Mascheroni:	A member of the Florentine family of the Toschi; he murdered his uncle's only son for the sake of an inheritance, which fell to Sassol when the uncle died shortly thereafter.
Camiscion de' Pazzi	Camiscion de' Pazzi: Alberto or Umberto Camiscion, one of the Pazzi of the Valdarno; he is said to have killed his kinsman Ubertino for his castles.
Buoso da Duera of Cremona	Buoso da Duera of Cremona: During the campaign of Charles of Anjou against Manred, Buoso used French gold to bribe the Archese Pallavicino and the Lombard Ghibellines to allow the passage of the French troops toward Pama.
Tesauro di Beccheria of Pavia	abbot of Vallombrosa and papal legate in Florence for Pope Alexander IV. After the Ghibellines were expelled in July 1258, he was seized by the Florentines on charges of conspiring with the exiles.
Gianni de' Soldanier	After the defeat of Manfred in 1266, the Florentine Gianni de' Soldanieri became a Guelf in order to secure power.
Ganelon	With Judas, the archetypal medieval traitor. Ganelon was bribed by the Saracen king Marsilio to betray his stepson and the whole rear guard of Charlemagne's army, causing the massacre of Roncesvalles.
Tebaldello:	A member of the Ghibelline Zambrasi family of Faenza; he avenged a private grudge against the Lambertazzi, a Bolognese family that had taken refuge there after their expulsion from Bologna in 1274. On the morning of November 13,1280, Tebaldello opened the gates of Faenza to the Bolognese Guelfs, who entered the city and massacred their enemies.

Discussion Qs:

1. What is contrapasso about the voices made by sinners in frozen lake?

2. Why Bocca did not want to reveal his identity?

3. What is ironic about the name "Bocca"?

Canto 16

                    

Summary/Analysis:

Canto 16 starts with Dante reaching a place where he heard the thundering of the water falling into the next circle. Three spirits passed by beneath the rain of fire in order to meet Dante because they quickly recognized him as their countryman lived in the depraved city, as they assumed, Florentine. The wounds on their body damaged so much that Dante was unable to recognize them. They suddenly started, again, their formal verse, the wheeled motion. As they wheeled, they told Dante who they were and hope Dante could remember. Dante quickly recognized them and showed a great pity toward them. Then, they ask Dante if courtesy and valor still dwell in their city as they used to do. Dante told them that the new people and the rapid gains have generated pride and excess. Dante cried a little, for the reign of those misbelief of governing in his city. Before they let, they told Dante that he should satisfy others in order for him to be happy. They quickly broke the circle and disappeared in the sight. Virgil and Dante kept walking until the sound of the water makes them hardly hear each other speak. Dante had a cord girding him, and he united it from around him under Virgil's command. Virgil threw it down into the deep pit far from the bank. Dante realized that Virgil had already seen his inner thoughts because he had thought at times to capture the leopard with the spotted hide. Virgil told him that thoughts will come up, and soon it will be revealed to the sight. They noticed a horrible figure come swimming upward toward them swiftly.

In this canto, several reference and symbol are used just like other cantos.

The comparison with wrestlers includes implicit reference to the athletes of ancient Greece and Rome. In addition to the implicit homosexual reference, there is probably also a comment here on the disparity of their high courtesy and concern for the public good (the path of their heads.) coexisting with their homosexual conduct ( the path of their feet).

"If you escape these dark places and go back to see the beautiful stars, when it will be pleasant to say, 'I was'. The last phrase echoes the famous line in Aen. 1.203 quoted in the note to 5.121. " Go back to see the beautiful stars" is a striking anticipation of the last line of the Inferno.

Knotted cord symbolizes fraud, the pilgrim's own inclination to fraud. It attracts Geryon.

"I saw.... draws in his feet": Geryon's flight describes in terms of swimming, as the Florentines' running was compared to flight. 

Punishment/Contrapasso:

Walking around the circle under the fire rain.

Characters:

 Guido Guerra: one of the most powerful noble families of Tuscany. He was one of the chief leaders of the Tuscan Guelfs and distinguished himself at the Battle of Benevento.

 Tegghiaio Aldobrandi: Another high-ranking nobleman of Guelf persuasion, who attempted to dissuade the Florentines from marching against the Sienese in what became the Battle of Montaperti.

 Iacopo Rusticucci: Apparently a member of the lesser nobility, flourished around 1235 to 1254, still alive in 1266. Early commentators say that the hostility between him and his wife caused them to live apart and turned him against women in general.

Questions:

1. Why did Dante cried after he told what happened in Florentine?

2. Why do you think he used the three noblemen as characters in this canto?

3. What do you think the knotted cord stands for? Do you agree with the commentators?

Dante's choice of animal figure

Dante's choice of animal figure.

Through the whole book of Dante's inferno, Dante uses several symbols of animals to
portray sinners in hell. Those figures include frogs, goats, sheep, dogs, and other
animals. Dante makes the animal figures such a big portion of the description of
sinners in order to show that how horrified the hell is and the irony of sinners being
human.

The main idea that refers to using animal figure is cannibalism, which is the way that
human acts in animalistic behavior. Dante uses this technique to draw the figure of
sinners more realistic to readers and make reader have a emotion that those sinners act
like animals in the hell because the treatment was so harsh that they cannot even react
in human way, but like animal.

In line 70, Canto 32,
"Then I saw a thousand faces made doglike by the cold, whence I shudder, and always
shall, at frozen fords."

When Dante walks into Antenora, he saw sinners with only their head up in the frozen
lake. They were freezing to death, just like dogs' behavior when they met with cold environment. We can see the terrible situation in hell made them cannot even behave like human, but like animals.

In line 34 of the same Canto, Dante depicts sinners in this way:
"The grieving shades, livid, were in the ice up to where shame appears, playing in the
tune of the stork with their teeth."

Sinners were so cold that their teeth constantly touches with each other. This sounds
like the tune of storks. This also makes the punishment sounds so horrible that sinners
have to suffer such coldness every single day.

In addition, the humanistic behavior was diminished because Dante thinks these
sinners do not deserve the way to act like human. The sin they committed before life
made them the figures of heartlessness in human rights, country, God, etc. Author
thinks they should act like animals and behaves like animals in order to compare them
with the less-emotional creatures such as goats, frogs, and sheep.

In line 49. Canto 32,
"Board with board clamp never bound so tight; and they like two goats butted together,
such anger overcame them."

Here, Dante compared the brothers to angry goats. This is so ironic because only
animals like goats could be pointed with each other and fight by physical touching with each other. The two brothers were bonded with each other just liked the goats
did.

To summarize all of those quotes and ideas: "sinners in hell should not behave and get
punished as human do." Dante thinks in this way and he successfully puts his
annoyance to those sinners of negatively influencing the commune of Florence and
causing the deprave in society.

Hamlet Act one essay

People may have different personalities. Hamlet is not that king of person who will express his feeling in front of everybody. He knows it is inappropriate to do this in front of his fatehr and mother because it will just simply be useless and idiotic.

After Hamlet's father's death, claudius quickly takes the throne, without the consent of Hamlet. Queen, Gertrude, did so and followed with the new king. Hamlet had so much emotion going on in his body without anybody's realization. Although Horatio and others stand on his side, he still had no power to take over the throne and continued his grief toward his dead father.

At that time, Hamlet was still flirting with Ophelia, Polonius's daughter. However, both Polonius and Laertes do not permit this relationship. Hamlet cannot be friends and partner with them beacause their opposition toward this. Hamlet did not stop the affair with Ophelia, and he knew that no one can help him.

Also, Hamlet was not that brave and shocked for what was happened. He knew the behavior of Claudius and Gertrude can not be forgived, however if he stands up and hold opposition, he will be killed as well. The shocking of this event made him just keep silence without speaking one sentence.

Conclusively, Hamlet is the poor prince who just lost his father, mother, the throne, and the whole kingdom because the take-over of his uncle. With so many complicated feelings about his destiny choose to stay in silent and seek for revenge in the future.

Target Story~>! Fun!!

This fiction is just for fun, please, please, do not think that's real. Target stories on Nov.11.2011


"What's going on?" I murmured to myself. The computer system of Target just shut down. It's all darkness around me. I cannot even see my hands.

Suddenly, the light flashes far away from me. I noticed there is at least one more person stuck here same as me. I follow the trace of light. When I approach the light, the light suddenly disappears.

"What? SOS?!" I shouted.
"Hi! I am superman! My head can turn into red light when I wanted to."

"Where us the noise coming from?" I thought. The light flashes, again, but...isn't it Dr. Sito? I called him out, but he seemed inconsicious about my words. He just kept sating that line " Hi, I am superman!" Well, I think the toy next to him possibly invade his brain and activatethe toy cell in his body.

I shook my head and follow the random route in target in darkness. Suddenly, I heard the music performed by the beetles. I was shocked, do they have the electricity to play anything? > < When I reached the place that they played, the sound suddenly diminished.

I got scared again, and ready to see something that can scare me.

It really comes, indeed.

The music starts again, with soft light shines on their faces.

"What? They are truly The Beetles!!!" I want to get a autograph from them but they refute it. I just heared 16 more people's voices coming from far way, and immediately, the light went back.

I noticed those people were actualy faked. They just wanted to make music in silence which they brought their own cords. Dr. Sito was just holding a superman toy on his head.

Well, the puzzled solved.

Everyone lived happily ever after:)

Hamelt Rewrite

Hamlet Act one Scene two.

Characters: Queen, Hamlet, King Claudius, Horatio, Marcellus Laertes, Polonius.

King: Even though our King, Hamlet, recently died, we must move on. We have responsibilities we need to keep up with. I have married our Queen to reunite the country and to bring happiness in this time of sorrow. Now, I have been receiving letters from Fortinbras saying that he wants the land his father lost back. But don’t worry, I have emailed the King of Norway and told him to keep his nephew under control. Now, Laertes, you said you needed to ask me something?

Laertes: I have already finished my duties in Denmark and would like to go back to France.

King: Well have you asked your dad about this?

Polonius: Yeah, he has been begging me, so if its okay with you, he can go.

King: Have fun Laertes. Hamlet, my son.

Hamlet: I am not your son.

King: Why are you still under a cloud?

Hamlet: Im not, Im suffering from too much sun.

Queen: Stop being in such a bad mood Hamlet. You need to show your new father some respect! You know it’s normal that everything lives must die.

Hamlet: Yeah well it is normal

Queen: And what makes you so special?

Hamlet: I am special, mom! I am expressing the true feeling toward my father!

King: It is understandable that you are upset about your dad dying, but everyone’s dad dies at some point. So you need to just suck it up and stop acting like a little girl.

Queen: Also I don’t want you to go to Wittenberg because you have responsibilities here.

Hamlet: Fine mom…I will try. 

King: Why? That is such a courteous reply. Anyways, (To Queen) his consent really cheers me. Come on, let’s celebrate it. I will fire the cannon to tell the clouds that the king of Denmark is here. Come, let’s leave to see the celebration.

(Trumpets sound. Everyone leaves except Hamlet)

Hamlet: I am so upset that my uncle takes the throne from my father within two weeks. I am even more disappointed that my mother clings to him also. My father loved her so much. After my father was gone, she followed the corpse and cried like Niobe. Why? She acts like this now!!! (Think for a second) However, I must hold my tongue.

(Horatio, Marcellus and Barnardo enter)

Horatio: My lord.

Hamlet: Glad to see you (absently). (Turn the head and see Horatio) Horatio, is that you??

Horatio: Yeah, your humble servant ever.

Hamlet: what are you doing here? Not in Wittenberg? (Just noticed) Marcellus!!

Marcellus: (bow) my lord.

Hamlet: (To Marcellus) Very glad to see you. (To Horatio)What brings you here?

Horatio: It’s boring over there, just come by and has a rest, my lord.

Hamlet: I don’t take that as your excuse. Tell me, what’s your business here?

Horatio: I came to see your father’s funeral.

Hamlet: Please don’t make fun of me. I think you are here to see my mother’s wedding!

Horatio: (embarrassed)Well… They were pretty close in time.

Hamlet: Yep. That’s freaking quick, man. The leftover meat pies from the funeral are on the table of the wedding breakfast. (Pause) Well, I think I can see my father.

Horatio: Where?? Where?? (look around)

Hamlet: (Shake heads and points to the head) In my mind, Horatio.

Horatio: I saw him before. He was a good king.

Hamlet: He was perfect. No one will be like him.

Horatio: My lord, I think…… I saw him last night.

Hamlet: What the hack? Who?

Horatio: Your father.

Hamlet: My father?

Horatio: Don’t be so surprised. Please listen carefully.

Hamlet: Oh my god! Let me hear! Let me hear!!

Horatio: For two nights, while on watch, Marcellus and Barnardo have been confronting a man like your father. He was dressed with armors on and passed by with a slow and steady path. In the third night, I joined them. And, of course, these men were not lying, I saw your father.

Hamlet: Where was this?

Marcellus: My lord, on the battlement we watched.

Hamlet: Why didn’t you speak to it?

Horatio: I did, but he didn’t reply. When once he tried to speak to us, the morning came and he vanished from our eyes.

Hamlet: That’s freaking strange.

Horatio: It’s true, my lord. I think you should know that.

Hamlet: I trust you. But this makes me anxious. Are you on watch tonight?

All: We are, my lord.

Hamlet: It armed?

All: Armed, my lord.

Hamlet: From top to toe?

All: From top to toe, my lord.

Hamlet: You didn’t see his face?

Horatio: Yes, he had his visor up.

Hamlet: How does he look?

Horatio: His face showed sorrow.

Hamlet: Pale or red?

Horatio: Very pale.

Hamlet: I wish I was there.

Horatio: It will be very astonishing to you.

Hamlet: Very likely. Did it stay long?

Horatio: Count a hundred quickly.

Mar. Bar: Longer!! Longer!! (Frightened)

Horatio: It was not like that when I was there.

Hamlet: His beard was streaked with gray?

Horatio: Black streaked with silver.

Hamlet: I will be there tonight. Perhaps he will show up again.

Horatio: I am sure it will.

Hamlet: I will speak to him whatever it is going to happen. You guys need to keep this in secret. I will be there between eleven and twelve. Got that?

All: We will keep this in secret, my lord.

Hamlet: Ok. You can leave now.

(M,B, H leave)

Hamlet: The sprit of my father. OMG, I wish it will appear in the evening. I believe evil deeds will surface however they are buried now.

(He goes)